En-en adult card 35 forest fires: Difference between revisions

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{{Card
== Card #35: Forest Fires ==
|number=35
<center>
|version=adult
 
|title=Forest Fires
[[File:En-en_adult_card_35_front.png|400px]]
}}
 
Forest fires start and spread more easily during droughts and heatwaves.
 
</center>
 
== Correction==
 
===Causes===
* [[En-en_adult_card_30_droughts|Droughts]]
* [[En-en_adult_card_36_heat_waves|Heat Waves]]
 
=== Consequences ===
* [[En-en adult card 38 human health|Human health]] 630 people died in Californian wildfires in autumn 2018.


== Other possible links ==
== Other possible links ==


=== Causes ===
=== Other consequences ===
[[En-en adult card 6 deforestation|Deforestation]]: Part of the deforestation is done by burning the forest, which can then degenerate into uncontrolled fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon and Australia.
* [[En-en adult card 6 deforestation|Deforestation]] Deforestation is partly done by burning the forest, which can then degenerate into uncontrolled fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon and Australia.
* [[En-en adult card 10 aerosols|Aerosols]] Smoke from wildfires has been shown to carry toxic particles.
* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity|Terrestrial biodiversity]] This is a more minor link, except for specific biodiversity-rich areas.
* [[En-en adult card 32 decline agricultural yields|Decline of agricultural yields]] Generally forests burn better than wheat fields.  


== To go further ==
== To go further ==


=== Mega Fire ===
=== Mega-Fire ===
A Mega-fire is an extraordinary fire starting very large fires that devastate a very large area, without this appellation corresponding to a very precise scientific definition. We usually speak of a mega fire when the affected area is at least 1,000 to 10,000 hectares. Mega-fires account for only 3% of all fires, yet represent 50% of global losses<ref>[https://books.google.fr/books?id=X8CnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT12&lpg=PT12&dq=m%C3%A9gafeu+d%C3%A9finition&source=bl&ots=4mr41HwgSe&sig=ACfU3U1wsXSuuJ8L6hLmP_9Gu28cC4XI3w&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfjK7Dro7nAhXl8OAKHQL_C8s4ChDoATAGegQIChAB#v=onepage&q&f=false Joelle Zask, When the Forest Burns: Thinking about the New Ecological Disaster (French)]</ref>. 96% of the last 500 mega-fires in the last 10 years took place during a period of abnormally high heat and/or drought<ref>[https://www.unenvironment.org/fr/actualites-et-recits/recit/les-megafeux-sont-ils-la-nouvelle-norme United Nations Are "megafires" the new standard? (French)]</ref>.
A Mega-fire is an exceptionally large fire, causing large local fires that devastate expansive areas, without this appellation corresponding to a very precise scientific definition. We usually speak of a mega-fire when the affected area is at least 1,000 to 10,000 hectares. Mega-fires account for only 3% of all fires, yet represent 50% of global losses<ref>[https://books.google.fr/books?id=X8CnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT12&lpg=PT12&dq=m%C3%A9gafeu+d%C3%A9finition&source=bl&ots=4mr41HwgSe&sig=ACfU3U1wsXSuuJ8L6hLmP_9Gu28cC4XI3w&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfjK7Dro7nAhXl8OAKHQL_C8s4ChDoATAGegQIChAB#v=onepage&q&f=false Joelle Zask, When the Forest Burns: Thinking about the New Ecological Disaster (French)]</ref>. 96% of the last 500 mega-fires in the last 10 years took place during a period of abnormally high heat and/or drought<ref>[https://www.unenvironment.org/fr/actualites-et-recits/recit/les-megafeux-sont-ils-la-nouvelle-norme United Nations Are "megafires" the new standard? (French)]</ref>.


=== Examples of events ===
=== Examples of events ===

Latest revision as of 08:43, 3 November 2021

Card #35: Forest Fires

En-en adult card 35 front.png

Forest fires start and spread more easily during droughts and heatwaves.

Correction

Causes

Consequences

  • Human health 630 people died in Californian wildfires in autumn 2018.

Other possible links

Other consequences

  • Deforestation Deforestation is partly done by burning the forest, which can then degenerate into uncontrolled fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon and Australia.
  • Aerosols Smoke from wildfires has been shown to carry toxic particles.
  • Terrestrial biodiversity This is a more minor link, except for specific biodiversity-rich areas.
  • Decline of agricultural yields Generally forests burn better than wheat fields.

To go further

Mega-Fire

A Mega-fire is an exceptionally large fire, causing large local fires that devastate expansive areas, without this appellation corresponding to a very precise scientific definition. We usually speak of a mega-fire when the affected area is at least 1,000 to 10,000 hectares. Mega-fires account for only 3% of all fires, yet represent 50% of global losses[1]. 96% of the last 500 mega-fires in the last 10 years took place during a period of abnormally high heat and/or drought[2].

Examples of events

In 2018, in California, 1,975,086 acres (799,200 hectares, about the size of Corsica) were burned, for a total of 8,000 fires and 100 casualties, but the burned area doubled in 2020 to reach 1,635,300 hectares (larger than Ile-De-France: the greater Paris area)[3].

In the 2019-2020 season, Australia saw a total area of 17 million hectares go up in smoke[4]. This surface area represents a third of France.

Forest fires on Mount Kilimanjaro on the rise[5].

Forest fires on the rise in Portugal and Greece[6]

Article(s)

Fire the Earth, on the mega-fires (French)

References

  1. ↑ Joelle Zask, When the Forest Burns: Thinking about the New Ecological Disaster (French)
  2. ↑ United Nations Are "megafires" the new standard? (French)
  3. ↑ 2020 Fire Season, Cal Fire
  4. ↑ Government set to revise total number of hectares destroyed during bushfire season to 17 million
  5. ↑ AR5 WG2 IPCC, low confidence, major contribution from climate change
  6. ↑ AR5 WG2 IPCC, low confidence, major contribution from climate change
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