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En-en adult card 41 permafrost: Difference between revisions
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== Card #41: Permafrost == | |||
| | <center> | ||
[[File:En-en_adult_card_41_front.png|400px]] | |||
Permafrost is permanently frozen ground. It is starting to melt, releasing into the atmosphere previously locked-in methane and CO<sub>2</sub> from decomposed biomass. This creates a negative feedback loop, just like forest fires and albedo changes due to melting sea ice. | |||
</center> | |||
==Explanation== | ==Explanation== | ||
Permafrost is soil that is permanently frozen for at least two consecutive years<ref>[https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/WG1AR5_SummaryVolume_FINAL_FRENCH.pdf#page=212 Glossary, Report 5, Working Group 1 (French)]</ref>. | Permafrost is soil that is permanently frozen for at least two consecutive years<ref>[https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/WG1AR5_SummaryVolume_FINAL_FRENCH.pdf#page=212 Glossary, Report 5, Working Group 1 (French)]</ref>. | ||
The two last cards to be added to the | The two last cards to be added to the Fresk after card 40 are potentially violent [[wikipedia:Climate_change_feedback|feedback]] loops or "climate bombs" which, if triggered, would cause us to lose control over the climate for good. | ||
Thermokarst are veritable bioreactors at the heart of the process of releasing frozen carbon: when the permafrost thaws, pieces of soil detach and fall into the water, bringing nutrients and carbon to the bacteria and plankton present in the sea, which degrade them into CO<sub>2</sub> (in the water layers near the surface) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub> -- in the oxygen-deprived | Thermokarst are veritable bioreactors at the heart of the process of releasing frozen carbon: when the permafrost thaws, pieces of soil detach and fall into the water, bringing nutrients and carbon to the bacteria and plankton present in the sea, which degrade them into CO<sub>2</sub> (in the water layers near the surface) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub> -- in the oxygen-deprived depths)<ref>[https://lejournal.cnrs.fr/articles/pergelisol-le-piege-climatique CNRS The newspaper Permafrost, the climate trap (French)]</ref>. | ||
==Correction == | ==Correction == | ||
===Causes=== | ===Causes=== | ||
*[[En- | *[[En-en adult card 21 temperature rise|Rising Air Temperatures]] | ||
===Consequences=== | ===Consequences=== | ||
*[[En-en_adult_card_9_other_ghgs|Other GHGs]] | *[[En-en_adult_card_9_other_ghgs|Other GHGs]] | ||
==Other possible links== | ==Other possible links== | ||
===Other causes=== | ===Other causes=== | ||
*[[En-en adult card 14 energy budget|Energy budget]] If we take the idea of energy conservation all the way, we can link the thawing | *[[En-en adult card 14 energy budget|Energy budget]] If we take the idea of energy conservation all the way, we can link the thawing permafrost back to the energy budget. | ||
===Other consequences=== | ===Other consequences=== | ||