En-en adult card 6 deforestation - Revision history

Karen Schmitt: Structure change

2021-10-30T12:39:40Z

Structure change

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:39, 30 October 2021
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	{{Card		== Card #6: Deforestation ==
	\|~~number=6~~		<center>
	~~\|version=adult~~
	~~\|title=~~Deforestation		[[File:En-en_adult_card_6_front.png\|400px]]
	}}
			Deforestation is defined as cutting down or burning trees beyond the ability of the forest to restore itself. 80% of deforestation is driven by
			agricultural expansion.

			</center>

	== Definition ==		== Definition ==

Karen Schmitt: Minor correction

2021-04-09T10:05:25Z

Minor correction

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:05, 9 April 2021
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	* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.		* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.
	* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] Deforestation can perturb local precipitation.		* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] Deforestation can perturb local precipitation.
	* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity. To animal biodiversity because ~~the forest is host~~ to many species. The forest biodiversity index fell by 53% between 1970 and 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>. And also to plant biodiversity, as 8,000 of the 60,000 known tree species are considered endangered.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.		* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity. To animal biodiversity because forests are hosts to many species. The forest biodiversity index fell by 53% between 1970 and 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>. And also to plant biodiversity, as 8,000 of the 60,000 known tree species are considered endangered.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.
	* [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.		* [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.
	* [[En-en adult card 30 droughts\|Droughts]] Deforestation can be the direct cause of droughts because trees stock a lot of water. If they are cut down, they no longer play their part as humidity regulators.		* [[En-en adult card 30 droughts\|Droughts]] Deforestation can be the direct cause of droughts because trees stock a lot of water. If they are cut down, they no longer play their part as humidity regulators.

Karen Schmitt: Link add for Memo

2021-04-09T09:29:48Z

Link add for Memo

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:29, 9 April 2021
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	* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.		* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.
	* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] Deforestation can perturb local precipitation.		* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] Deforestation can perturb local precipitation.
	* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity~~: 1/ Animal~~ biodiversity because the forest is host to many species. The forest biodiversity index fell by 53% between 1970 and 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>. ~~2/ Plant~~ biodiversity, as 8,000 of the 60,000 known tree species are considered endangered.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.		* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity. To animal biodiversity because the forest is host to many species. The forest biodiversity index fell by 53% between 1970 and 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>. And also to plant biodiversity, as 8,000 of the 60,000 known tree species are considered endangered.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.
	* [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.		* [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.
			* [[En-en adult card 30 droughts\|Droughts]] Deforestation can be the direct cause of droughts because trees stock a lot of water. If they are cut down, they no longer play their part as humidity regulators.
	* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] One way of clearing forests is to burn them down, with the risk of losing control of the fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]].		* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] One way of clearing forests is to burn them down, with the risk of losing control of the fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]].

JulienR: remove Sub list in consequences because it's not well supported by the importer (unfortunately)

2021-04-09T08:22:21Z

remove Sub list in consequences because it's not well supported by the importer (unfortunately)

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:22, 9 April 2021
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	* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.		* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.
	* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] Deforestation can perturb local precipitation.		* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] Deforestation can perturb local precipitation.
			* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity: 1/ Animal biodiversity because the forest is host to many species. The forest biodiversity index fell by 53% between 1970 and 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>. 2/ Plant biodiversity, as 8,000 of the 60,000 known tree species are considered endangered.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.
	* [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.		* [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.
	* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] One way of clearing forests is to burn them down, with the risk of losing control of the fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]].		* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] One way of clearing forests is to burn them down, with the risk of losing control of the fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]].
	* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity:
	** Animal biodiversity because the forest is host to many species. The forest biodiversity index fell by 53% between 1970 and 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>.
	** Plant biodiversity, as 8,000 of the 60,000 known tree species are considered endangered.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.

	== Additional content ==		== Additional content ==

Karen Schmitt: Link add for Memo

2021-04-09T07:49:16Z

Link add for Memo

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:49, 9 April 2021
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	== Other possible links ==		== Other possible links ==

	=== ~~Possible~~ causes ===		=== Other causes ===

	* [[En-en adult card 2 industry\|Industry]] This link is possible for wood-consuming industries. However, wood used by a factory from a sustainably managed forest is not considered deforestation.		* [[En-en adult card 2 industry\|Industry]] This link is possible for wood-consuming industries. However, wood used by a factory from a sustainably managed forest is not considered deforestation.
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	* [[En-en adult card 4 transportation\|Transportation]] Road construction sometimes requires deforestation, but the one-dimensional aspect of the road makes it almost negligible compared to wide-scale agriculture-related deforestation.		* [[En-en adult card 4 transportation\|Transportation]] Road construction sometimes requires deforestation, but the one-dimensional aspect of the road makes it almost negligible compared to wide-scale agriculture-related deforestation.

	=== ~~Possible~~ consequences ===		=== Other consequences ===
	* [[En-en adult card 12 carbon sinks\|Carbon Sinks]] Participants often think that deforestation reduces carbon sinks. In reality, the impact is minimal because deforested areas represent a very small part of the total forest area. Moreover, a mature forest has reached its equilibrium and no longer absorbs carbon. Therefore, as mainly mature forests are deforested, this does not impact carbon sinks. On the other hand, the amount CO<sub>2</sub> released is very high.		* [[En-en adult card 12 carbon sinks\|Carbon Sinks]] Participants often think that deforestation reduces carbon sinks. In reality, the impact is minimal because deforested areas represent a very small part of the total forest area. Moreover, a mature forest has reached its equilibrium and no longer absorbs carbon. Therefore, as mainly mature forests are deforested, this does not impact carbon sinks. On the other hand, the amount CO<sub>2</sub> released is very high.
	* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.		* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.
	* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] or [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.		* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] Deforestation can perturb local precipitation.
			* [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.
	* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] One way of clearing forests is to burn them down, with the risk of losing control of the fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]].		* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] One way of clearing forests is to burn them down, with the risk of losing control of the fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]].
	* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity:		* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity:

Karen Schmitt: Adaptation for Memo

2021-04-04T11:46:49Z

Adaptation for Memo

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:46, 4 April 2021
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	== Facilitation advice ==		== Facilitation advice ==
	The consequences of this card and of the [[En-en adult card 9 other ghgs\|Other GHGs]] card are often forgotten, because participants often focus on the consequences of [[En-en adult card 5 fossil fuels\|Fossil Fuels]]. It is important to make sure that participants also consider the consequences of this card.		The consequences of this card and of the [[En-en adult card 9 other ghgs\|Other GHGs]] card are often forgotten, because participants often focus on the consequences of [[En-en adult card 5 fossil fuels\|Fossil Fuels]]. It is important to make sure that participants also consider the consequences of this card.

			== Correction ==
			=== Causes ===
			* [[En-en adult card 8 agriculture\|Agriculture]]
			=== Consequences ===
			* [[En-en adult card 7 co2 emissions\|CO2 emissions]]

	== Other possible links ==		== Other possible links ==

	=== ~~Causes~~ ===		=== Possible causes ===

	* [[En-en adult card 2 industry\|Industry]] This link is possible for wood-consuming industries. However, wood used by a factory from a sustainably managed forest is not considered deforestation.		* [[En-en adult card 2 industry\|Industry]] This link is possible for wood-consuming industries. However, wood used by a factory from a sustainably managed forest is not considered deforestation.
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	* [[En-en adult card 4 transportation\|Transportation]] Road construction sometimes requires deforestation, but the one-dimensional aspect of the road makes it almost negligible compared to wide-scale agriculture-related deforestation.		* [[En-en adult card 4 transportation\|Transportation]] Road construction sometimes requires deforestation, but the one-dimensional aspect of the road makes it almost negligible compared to wide-scale agriculture-related deforestation.

	=== ~~Consequences~~ ===		=== Possible consequences ===
	* [[En-en adult card 12 carbon sinks\|Carbon Sinks]] Participants often think that deforestation reduces carbon sinks. In reality, the impact is minimal because deforested areas represent a very small part of the total forest area. Moreover, a mature forest has reached its equilibrium and no longer absorbs carbon. Therefore, as mainly mature forests are deforested, this does not impact carbon sinks. On the other hand, the amount CO<sub>2</sub> released is very high.		* [[En-en adult card 12 carbon sinks\|Carbon Sinks]] Participants often think that deforestation reduces carbon sinks. In reality, the impact is minimal because deforested areas represent a very small part of the total forest area. Moreover, a mature forest has reached its equilibrium and no longer absorbs carbon. Therefore, as mainly mature forests are deforested, this does not impact carbon sinks. On the other hand, the amount CO<sub>2</sub> released is very high.
	* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.		* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.

Karen Schmitt: Minor corrections

2021-02-13T08:10:43Z

Minor corrections

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:10, 13 February 2021
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	== Definition ==		== Definition ==
	Deforestation, clearance, clearcutting or clearing is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land which is then converted to a non-forest use.~~[3]~~ Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use.<ref> [[wikipedia:Deforestation\|Wikipedia definition]] </ref>		Deforestation, clearance, clearcutting or clearing is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land which is then converted to a non-forest use. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use.<ref> [[wikipedia:Deforestation\|Wikipedia definition]] </ref>

	== Explanation ==		== Explanation ==

	Deforestation can be seen as a human activity or as a consequence of agriculture, or both. However, the main issue with deforestation is not that it destroys carbon sinks~~: it's~~ that it emits ~~CO2 hat~~ took decades or centuries to capture. It's a ~~difference between~~ flow ~~and~~ stock.		Deforestation can be seen as a human activity, as a consequence of agriculture, or both. However, the main issue with deforestation is not so much that it destroys carbon sinks, but that it emits CO<sub>2</sub> that took decades or centuries to capture. It's a question of flow vs. stock.

	== Facilitation ~~tips~~ ==		== Facilitation advice ==
	The consequences of this card and of [[En-en adult card 9 other ghgs\|Other GHGs]] card are ~~very~~ forgotten, because participants often focus ~~only~~ on the consequences of [[En-en adult card 5 fossil fuels\|Fossil Fuels]]. It is important to make sure that participants also consider the consequences of this card.		The consequences of this card and of the [[En-en adult card 9 other ghgs\|Other GHGs]] card are often forgotten, because participants often focus on the consequences of [[En-en adult card 5 fossil fuels\|Fossil Fuels]]. It is important to make sure that participants also consider the consequences of this card.

	== Other possible links ==		== Other possible links ==
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	* [[En-en adult card 2 industry\|Industry]] This link is possible for wood-consuming industries. However, wood used by a factory from a sustainably managed forest is not considered deforestation.		* [[En-en adult card 2 industry\|Industry]] This link is possible for wood-consuming industries. However, wood used by a factory from a sustainably managed forest is not considered deforestation.

	* [[En-en adult card 4 transportation\|Transportation]] Road construction sometimes requires deforestation, but the one-dimensional aspect of the road makes it almost negligible compared to agriculture-related ~~wide scale~~ deforestation.		* [[En-en adult card 4 transportation\|Transportation]] Road construction sometimes requires deforestation, but the one-dimensional aspect of the road makes it almost negligible compared to wide-scale agriculture-related deforestation.

	=== Consequences ===		=== Consequences ===
	* [[En-en adult card 12 carbon sinks\|Carbon Sinks]] Participants often think that deforestation reduces carbon sinks. In reality, the impact is minimal because deforested areas represent a very small part of the total forest area. Moreover, a mature forest ~~is in~~ equilibrium and no longer absorbs carbon. Therefore, as mainly mature forests are deforested, this does not impact carbon sinks. On the other hand, the ~~CO2~~ released is very ~~important, equivalent~~ .		* [[En-en adult card 12 carbon sinks\|Carbon Sinks]] Participants often think that deforestation reduces carbon sinks. In reality, the impact is minimal because deforested areas represent a very small part of the total forest area. Moreover, a mature forest has reached its equilibrium and no longer absorbs carbon. Therefore, as mainly mature forests are deforested, this does not impact carbon sinks. On the other hand, the amount CO<sub>2</sub> released is very high.
	* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [~~https~~:~~//simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/~~Albedo albedo] and therefore absorbs less energy.		* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.
	* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] or [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. ~~If cut~~ down~~, it makes~~ flooding ~~easier~~.		* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] or [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.
	* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] ~~Part~~ of ~~the deforestation~~ is ~~done by burning~~ down ~~forests: that can run out~~ of control. This is what happened in summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]]		* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] One way of clearing forests is to burn them down, with the risk of losing control of the fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]].
	* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity :		* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity:
	** Animal biodiversity because the forest is host to many species. The forest biodiversity index fell by 53% between 1970 and 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>.		** Animal biodiversity because the forest is host to many species. The forest biodiversity index fell by 53% between 1970 and 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>.
	** Plant biodiversity, as 8,000 of the 60,000 known tree species are considered endangered.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.		** Plant biodiversity, as 8,000 of the 60,000 known tree species are considered endangered.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.
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	== Additional content ==		== Additional content ==
	=== Wood usage ===		=== Wood usage ===
	93% of the wood from deforestation is burned (paper, agriculture, disposable furniture ~~.....~~.) and only 7% is used in a sustainable way (lasting furniture, construction ...).		93% of the wood from deforestation is burned (paper, agriculture, disposable furniture, etc.) and only 7% is used in a sustainable way (long-lasting furniture, construction, etc.).

	=== Distribution of causes of deforestation ===		=== Distribution of causes of deforestation ===
	The ~~factors~~ of deforestation<ref>[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=106 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Drivers of change'', FAO]</ref> are:		The drivers of deforestation<ref>[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=106 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Drivers of change'', FAO]</ref> are:
	* 40% for commercial agriculture: livestock ~~breeding, soya~~ or oil palm ~~cultivation~~		* 40% for commercial agriculture, to breed livestock or to grow soy or oil palm
	* 33% for local subsistence farming		* 33% for local subsistence farming
	* 10% for urban expansion		* 10% for urban expansion
	* 10% for infrastructure expansion		* 10% for infrastructure expansion
	* 7% for mining.		* 7% for mining.
	These numbers are global averages, and vary greatly from country to country..		These numbers are global averages, and vary greatly from country to country.

	=== Speed of forest loss ===		=== Speed of forest loss ===

Ouahcene: /* Consequences */

2021-02-12T16:49:29Z

Consequences

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:49, 12 February 2021
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	=== Consequences ===		=== Consequences ===
	* [[En-en adult card 12 carbon sinks\|Carbon Sinks]] Participants often think that deforestation reduces carbon sinks. In reality, the impact is minimal because deforested areas represent a very small part of the total forest area. Moreover, a mature forest is in equilibrium and no longer absorbs carbon. Therefore, as mainly mature forests are deforested, this does not impact carbon sinks. On the other hand, the CO2 released is very important, equivalent .		* [[En-en adult card 12 carbon sinks\|Carbon Sinks]] Participants often think that deforestation reduces carbon sinks. In reality, the impact is minimal because deforested areas represent a very small part of the total forest area. Moreover, a mature forest is in equilibrium and no longer absorbs carbon. Therefore, as mainly mature forests are deforested, this does not impact carbon sinks. On the other hand, the CO2 released is very important, equivalent .
	* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher albedo and therefore absorbs less energy.		* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albedo albedo] and therefore absorbs less energy.
	* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] or [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. If cut down, it makes flooding easier.		* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] or [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. If cut down, it makes flooding easier.
	* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] Part of the deforestation is done by burning down forests: that can run out of control. This is what happened in summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]]		* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] Part of the deforestation is done by burning down forests: that can run out of control. This is what happened in summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]]

Ouahcene: /* Réferences */

2021-02-07T11:16:10Z

Réferences

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:16, 7 February 2021
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	The area of forest lost each year is gradually shrinking. It has decreased from 7.8 million hectares lost per year in the 1990s to 4.7 million hectares in 2010. This is mainly due to the fact that forests are growing elsewhere, either naturally or artificially.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.		The area of forest lost each year is gradually shrinking. It has decreased from 7.8 million hectares lost per year in the 1990s to 4.7 million hectares in 2010. This is mainly due to the fact that forests are growing elsewhere, either naturally or artificially.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.

	== ~~Réferences~~ ==		== References ==
	<references />		<references />

	[[fr:Fr-fr_adulte_carte_6_déforestation]]		[[fr:Fr-fr_adulte_carte_6_déforestation]]

Ouahcene: First draft of entire page

2021-02-02T15:00:09Z

First draft of entire page

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:00, 2 February 2021
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	}}		}}

	== ~~Définition~~ ==		== Definition ==
	~~La déforestation est le phénomène de régression durable des surfaces couvertes de forêts~~, ~~qu'il soit d'origine anthropique ou naturelle~~. ~~Si une forêt repousse après une coupe~~, ~~une attaque d'insectes xylophage ou un feu~~, ~~on ne parle pas de déforestation~~.<ref> [~~https~~:~~//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9forestation Définiton wikipédia~~] </ref>		Deforestation, clearance, clearcutting or clearing is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land which is then converted to a non-forest use.[3] Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use.<ref> [[wikipedia:Deforestation\|Wikipedia definition]] </ref>

	== ~~Explications~~ ==		== Explanation ==

	~~La déforestation peut être considérée comme une activité humaine ou comme une conséquence de l'~~agriculture, ~~ou encore les deux à la fois~~. ~~Attention~~ : ~~le problème avec la déforestation, ce n'est pas que ça détruit des puits de carbone, c~~'~~est que ça emet du~~ CO2. c'~~est une différence entre flux et~~ stock.		Deforestation can be seen as a human activity or as a consequence of agriculture, or both. However, the main issue with deforestation is not that it destroys carbon sinks: it's that it emits CO2 hat took decades or centuries to capture. It's a difference between flow and stock.

	== ~~Conseils pour l'animation~~ ==		== Facilitation tips ==
	~~Lors de l'animation du lot 2, les conséquences de cette carte ainsi que de~~ [[Fr-~~fr_adulte_carte_9_autres_ges~~\|~~Autres GES~~]] ~~sont très souvent oubliées~~, ~~car les~~ participants ~~expliquent le schéma en partant sur les~~ [[Fr-~~fr_adulte_carte_5_énergies_fossiles~~\|~~énergies fossiles~~]]. ~~Il faut s'assurer que les participant·e·s parlent bien des conséquences de cette carte~~.		The consequences of this card and of [[En-en adult card 9 other ghgs\|Other GHGs]] card are very forgotten, because participants often focus only on the consequences of [[En-en adult card 5 fossil fuels\|Fossil Fuels]]. It is important to make sure that participants also consider the consequences of this card.

	== ~~Autres liens possibles~~ ==		== Other possible links ==

	=== ~~Liens causes~~ ===		=== Causes ===

	* [[Fr-~~fr_adulte_carte_2_industrie~~\|~~Industrie~~]] ~~Ce lien est~~ possible ~~pour les~~ industries ~~qui consomme du bois~~. ~~Cependant, il faut faire attention~~, ~~du bois utilisé par une usine dans une forêt geré durablement n'est pas consideré comme de la déforestation~~.		* [[En-en adult card 2 industry\|Industry]] This link is possible for wood-consuming industries. However, wood used by a factory from a sustainably managed forest is not considered deforestation.

	* [[Fr-~~fr_adulte_carte_4_transport~~\|~~Transport~~]] La construction ~~de route nécéssite parfois de déforester~~, ~~mais l'~~aspect ~~unidimensionnelle de la route la rend quasiment négligeable devant la déforestation lié à l'~~agriculture.		* [[En-en adult card 4 transportation\|Transportation]] Road construction sometimes requires deforestation, but the one-dimensional aspect of the road makes it almost negligible compared to agriculture-related wide scale deforestation.

	=== ~~Lien conséquences~~ ===		=== Consequences ===
	* [[Fr-~~fr_adulte_carte_12_puits_de_carbone~~\|~~Puits de carbone~~]] ~~Les participants pensent souvent que la déforestation réduit les puits de carbone~~. ~~En réalité~~, l'impact ~~est minime car les zones déforestées représentent une toute petite partie de la surface totale de forêt~~. ~~De plus~~, ~~une forêt à l'équilibre n'absorbe plus de carbone~~. ~~Hors~~, ~~on déforeste souvent des forêts à l'équilibre~~, ~~ce qui n'impacte pas les puits de carbone~~. ~~Par contre le {{~~CO2~~}} dégagé est très~~ important.		* [[En-en adult card 12 carbon sinks\|Carbon Sinks]] Participants often think that deforestation reduces carbon sinks. In reality, the impact is minimal because deforested areas represent a very small part of the total forest area. Moreover, a mature forest is in equilibrium and no longer absorbs carbon. Therefore, as mainly mature forests are deforested, this does not impact carbon sinks. On the other hand, the CO2 released is very important, equivalent .
	* [[Fr-~~fr_adulte_carte_15_forçage_radiatif~~\|~~Forçage radiatif~~]] ~~Quand la forêt est coupé~~, ~~une~~ surface ~~vert foncée est remplacé par une surface vert clair~~, ~~qui à un [[Fr-fr_expert_carte_101_albédo\|albédo]] plus elevé, donc absorbe moins d'énergie~~.		* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher albedo and therefore absorbs less energy.
	* [[Fr-~~fr_adulte_carte_20_perturbation_cycle_eau~~\|~~Perturbation du cycle de l'eau~~]] ou [[Fr-~~fr_adulte_carte_26_crues~~\|~~crues~~]] ~~La végétation retiens l'eau~~. ~~Si on la coupe~~, ~~ça facilite les crues~~.		* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] or [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. If cut down, it makes flooding easier.
	* [[Fr-~~fr_adulte_carte_35_incendies~~\|~~Incendies~~]] ~~Une partie de la déforestation est faite en brûlant la forêt qui peut ensuite dégénérer en feu non-maitrisé~~. ~~C'est ce qu'il s'est passé pendant l'été~~ 2019 ~~en Amazonie et~~ [~~https~~:~~//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feux_de_brousse_de_2019-2020_en_Australie en Australie~~]		* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] Part of the deforestation is done by burning down forests: that can run out of control. This is what happened in summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]]
	* [[Fr-~~fr_adulte_carte_25_biodiversité_terrestre~~\|~~Biodiversité terrestre~~]] ~~La déforestation cause énormement de perte de biodiversité~~ :		* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity :
	** ~~Animale car la forêt est une hote de beaucoup d'espèce~~. ~~L'indice de biodiversité des forêts a chuté de~~ 53% ~~entre~~ 1970 et 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>.		** Animal biodiversity because the forest is host to many species. The forest biodiversity index fell by 53% between 1970 and 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>.
	** ~~Végétale car sur les~~ 60 000 ~~espèces d'arbres connus, 8000 sont considérées comme menacés~~<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.		** Plant biodiversity, as 8,000 of the 60,000 known tree species are considered endangered.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.

	== ~~Contenu additionnel~~ ==		== Additional content ==
	=== ~~Utilisation du bois~~ ===		=== Wood usage ===
	~~Sur la déforestation,~~ 93% ~~du bois est brûlé~~ (~~papier~~, agriculture, ~~meubles jetables~~ ......) ~~pour~~ 7% ~~utilisé de manière durable~~ (~~meuble~~, construction ...)		93% of the wood from deforestation is burned (paper, agriculture, disposable furniture ......) and only 7% is used in a sustainable way (lasting furniture, construction ...).

	=== ~~Répartition des~~ causes ~~de déforestation~~ ===		=== Distribution of causes of deforestation ===
	~~Les facteurs de déforestation~~<ref>[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=106 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Drivers of change'', FAO]</ref>~~. sont~~ :		The factors of deforestation<ref>[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=106 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Drivers of change'', FAO]</ref> are:
	* 40% ~~pour l'agriculte~~ commercial : ~~élevage~~, ~~culture du soja ou de palmier à huile~~		* 40% for commercial agriculture: livestock breeding, soya or oil palm cultivation
	* 33% ~~pour l'agriculture de subsistance au~~ local		* 33% for local subsistence farming
	* 10% ~~pour l'~~expansion ~~urbaine~~		* 10% for urban expansion
	* 10% ~~pour l'~~expansion ~~des infrastructures~~		* 10% for infrastructure expansion
	* 7% ~~pour le minage~~		* 7% for mining.
	~~Ces nombres concèrnent les moyennes mondiales~~, ~~et varient beaucoup d'un pays à un autre~~.		These numbers are global averages, and vary greatly from country to country..

	=== ~~Vitesse de perte de la forêt~~ ===		=== Speed of forest loss ===
	~~La surface de forêt perdu chaque année reduit petit à petit~~. ~~Elle est passée de~~ 7.8 ~~millions d'~~hectares ~~perdus par an dans les années 1990 à~~ 4.7 ~~millions dans les années~~ 2010. ~~Cela s'explique surtout par le fait que des forêts se développent ailleurs de manière naturelle ou artificielle~~<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.		The area of forest lost each year is gradually shrinking. It has decreased from 7.8 million hectares lost per year in the 1990s to 4.7 million hectares in 2010. This is mainly due to the fact that forests are growing elsewhere, either naturally or artificially.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.

	== Réferences ==		== Réferences ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:05, 9 April 2021
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	* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.		* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.
	* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] Deforestation can perturb local precipitation.		* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] Deforestation can perturb local precipitation.
	* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity. To animal biodiversity because ~~the forest is host~~ to many species. The forest biodiversity index fell by 53% between 1970 and 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>. And also to plant biodiversity, as 8,000 of the 60,000 known tree species are considered endangered.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.		* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity. To animal biodiversity because forests are hosts to many species. The forest biodiversity index fell by 53% between 1970 and 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>. And also to plant biodiversity, as 8,000 of the 60,000 known tree species are considered endangered.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.
	* [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.		* [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.
	* [[En-en adult card 30 droughts\|Droughts]] Deforestation can be the direct cause of droughts because trees stock a lot of water. If they are cut down, they no longer play their part as humidity regulators.		* [[En-en adult card 30 droughts\|Droughts]] Deforestation can be the direct cause of droughts because trees stock a lot of water. If they are cut down, they no longer play their part as humidity regulators.

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:29, 9 April 2021
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	* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.		* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.
	* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] Deforestation can perturb local precipitation.		* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] Deforestation can perturb local precipitation.
	* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity~~: 1/ Animal~~ biodiversity because the forest is host to many species. The forest biodiversity index fell by 53% between 1970 and 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>. ~~2/ Plant~~ biodiversity, as 8,000 of the 60,000 known tree species are considered endangered.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.		* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity. To animal biodiversity because the forest is host to many species. The forest biodiversity index fell by 53% between 1970 and 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>. And also to plant biodiversity, as 8,000 of the 60,000 known tree species are considered endangered.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.
	* [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.		* [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.
			* [[En-en adult card 30 droughts\|Droughts]] Deforestation can be the direct cause of droughts because trees stock a lot of water. If they are cut down, they no longer play their part as humidity regulators.
	* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] One way of clearing forests is to burn them down, with the risk of losing control of the fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]].		* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] One way of clearing forests is to burn them down, with the risk of losing control of the fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]].

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:22, 9 April 2021
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	* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.		* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.
	* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] Deforestation can perturb local precipitation.		* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] Deforestation can perturb local precipitation.
			* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity: 1/ Animal biodiversity because the forest is host to many species. The forest biodiversity index fell by 53% between 1970 and 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>. 2/ Plant biodiversity, as 8,000 of the 60,000 known tree species are considered endangered.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.
	* [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.		* [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.
	* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] One way of clearing forests is to burn them down, with the risk of losing control of the fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]].		* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] One way of clearing forests is to burn them down, with the risk of losing control of the fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]].
	* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity:
	** Animal biodiversity because the forest is host to many species. The forest biodiversity index fell by 53% between 1970 and 2014 <ref name="FAO 2020">[http://www.fao.org/3/ca8642en/CA8642EN.pdf#page=18 ''The State of the World’s Forests 2020, Executive Summary'', FAO]</ref>.
	** Plant biodiversity, as 8,000 of the 60,000 known tree species are considered endangered.<ref name="FAO 2020"/>.

	== Additional content ==		== Additional content ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:49, 9 April 2021
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	== Other possible links ==		== Other possible links ==

	=== ~~Possible~~ causes ===		=== Other causes ===

	* [[En-en adult card 2 industry\|Industry]] This link is possible for wood-consuming industries. However, wood used by a factory from a sustainably managed forest is not considered deforestation.		* [[En-en adult card 2 industry\|Industry]] This link is possible for wood-consuming industries. However, wood used by a factory from a sustainably managed forest is not considered deforestation.
Line 29:		Line 29:
	* [[En-en adult card 4 transportation\|Transportation]] Road construction sometimes requires deforestation, but the one-dimensional aspect of the road makes it almost negligible compared to wide-scale agriculture-related deforestation.		* [[En-en adult card 4 transportation\|Transportation]] Road construction sometimes requires deforestation, but the one-dimensional aspect of the road makes it almost negligible compared to wide-scale agriculture-related deforestation.

	=== ~~Possible~~ consequences ===		=== Other consequences ===
	* [[En-en adult card 12 carbon sinks\|Carbon Sinks]] Participants often think that deforestation reduces carbon sinks. In reality, the impact is minimal because deforested areas represent a very small part of the total forest area. Moreover, a mature forest has reached its equilibrium and no longer absorbs carbon. Therefore, as mainly mature forests are deforested, this does not impact carbon sinks. On the other hand, the amount CO<sub>2</sub> released is very high.		* [[En-en adult card 12 carbon sinks\|Carbon Sinks]] Participants often think that deforestation reduces carbon sinks. In reality, the impact is minimal because deforested areas represent a very small part of the total forest area. Moreover, a mature forest has reached its equilibrium and no longer absorbs carbon. Therefore, as mainly mature forests are deforested, this does not impact carbon sinks. On the other hand, the amount CO<sub>2</sub> released is very high.
	* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.		* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [[wikipedia:Albedo\|albedo]] and therefore absorbs less energy.
	* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] or [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.		* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] Deforestation can perturb local precipitation.
			* [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. Cutting it down can lead to flooding.
	* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] One way of clearing forests is to burn them down, with the risk of losing control of the fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]].		* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] One way of clearing forests is to burn them down, with the risk of losing control of the fire. This is what happened in the summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]].
	* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity:		* [[En-en adult card 25 terrestrial biodiversity\|Terrestrial Biodiversity]] Deforestation causes huge losses of biodiversity:

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:49, 12 February 2021
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	=== Consequences ===		=== Consequences ===
	* [[En-en adult card 12 carbon sinks\|Carbon Sinks]] Participants often think that deforestation reduces carbon sinks. In reality, the impact is minimal because deforested areas represent a very small part of the total forest area. Moreover, a mature forest is in equilibrium and no longer absorbs carbon. Therefore, as mainly mature forests are deforested, this does not impact carbon sinks. On the other hand, the CO2 released is very important, equivalent .		* [[En-en adult card 12 carbon sinks\|Carbon Sinks]] Participants often think that deforestation reduces carbon sinks. In reality, the impact is minimal because deforested areas represent a very small part of the total forest area. Moreover, a mature forest is in equilibrium and no longer absorbs carbon. Therefore, as mainly mature forests are deforested, this does not impact carbon sinks. On the other hand, the CO2 released is very important, equivalent .
	* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher albedo and therefore absorbs less energy.		* [[En-en adult card 15 radiative forcing\|Radiative forcing]] When forests are cut down, a dark green surface is replaced by a light green one, which has a higher [https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albedo albedo] and therefore absorbs less energy.
	* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] or [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. If cut down, it makes flooding easier.		* [[En-en adult card 20 disruption water cycle\|Disruption of the Water Cycle]] or [[En-en adult card 26 river flooding\|River Flooding]] Vegetation retains water. If cut down, it makes flooding easier.
	* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] Part of the deforestation is done by burning down forests: that can run out of control. This is what happened in summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]]		* [[En-en adult card 35 forest fires\|Forest Fires]] Part of the deforestation is done by burning down forests: that can run out of control. This is what happened in summer of 2019 in the Amazon forest and [[wikipedia:2019–20_Australian_bushfire_season\|in Australia]]